Conservation agriculture is based on the three principles of residue retention, crop rotation and reduced tillage. While it is easy for me to understand the importance of protecting soils, farmers are not as quickly convinced. A deeply ingrained vision of what farming practices should entail and what gives yields, which is generally tearing the soil to pieces by tilling the hell out of it, is firmly in place making a paradigm shift both necessary but challenging. One avenue the CA program uses to increase adoption of said practices is by working directly with farmers. I have heard different representatives say time and time again, " Do not believe me. Try it for yourself."
The idea is to support a number of farmers that can then support other local farmers in a "hub" like system. Everyone has seen those delta maps, right? Same principle. It is not easy goings at the start because the first few years it does not always yield as well and everyone is laughing at you and telling you are crazy for not doing things the conventional way. It turns around, though, and then the joke is on them, who are investing more money in practices that deplete rather than restore soil quality while giving similar if not worse yields in comparison to CA plots.
So Tuesday we set off to do a massive circle around Mexico City and visit 7 farmer hubs.
Mexican countryside is gorgeous: mountains and savanna-like scenery scattered with cacti. But when you add to this set Mexican farmers, with their straw hats and loyal dogs and horses and walking sticks, one can start to forget the 21st century and the reality that one is not, despite current surroundings, a character in a novel Willa Cather should have written about Mexico.
A bit afraid of filming, eyes darted from the mix of scientists to nearby children to the camera lens. It must not have been too traumatic for the farmers gave us fresh cheese and enchiladas, which looked more like quesadillas as all of the yummy goo had evaporated in the heat of Valles Altos. Families watched, grandchildren with bunny rabbits in their arms.
They all said the method is helping; that it is cheaper, pests are dying, and they value our work. One was cynical and spoke about trying all of the techniques just to "see how many lies we tell him" and then laughed. He is my favorite.
Another stop sported two cows licking each-other next to a broken-down truck in a maize field.
All were concerned about water.
Farmers in and around the Estado de Mexico irrigate their crops with black water. That means sewage. That also means the water is dirt cheap and packed with nutrients, so for poor farmers this is an absolute steal. Mexico City, however, with its 22 + million inhabitants needs this water to stay in the city and is currently constructing a treatment plant. Good news for the city but bad news for the farmers. Not only will water prices skyrocket in 2012, the anticipated date of completion, but farmers will have to purchase fertilizers as the water will no longer be laden with urea and other goodies.
From the farmer's perspective this is bad news. I am no farmer, however, and see the event as a potential wake up call for many. Agriculture has a well-earned reputation for inefficient use of water. Perhaps adding a higher price to chronically under-priced natural resources, such as water, is one way to encourage responsible use of available technologies, such as drip irrigation in the case of water.
The farmers practicing CA are confident the CA method is saving them money. Money they say to purchase water when the time comes.
Epic day. I did not make it back to the city until midnight with the empty bag of chips that was my dinner. Driving towards Queretero, skeptical it would actually take us to Mexico City (and with directions consisting of "you take a turn but not really a turn and then just keep going..." who can blame us?) my co-worker and I talked about how much we love Mexico City but because it is, as the Belgians apparently say, "missing a corner." It is its imperfection that makes it perfect. He dropped me off on the corner in my neighborhood and I walked home through the city, purportedly too dangerous to go out in the dark. I crawled into bed at midnight and was content with the day so much so that I did not even dread my soon-to-be-active alarm clock.
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